Improvement in umbrellas



F. LILLER.

UMBRELLA. No.17 6,473. Patented Apri125, 1876.

.Zwezvior.

MFEYERS PNOTO-LITHOGRAPNEM WASHINGTON, D C- UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

FRED. LILLER, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND HENRY H.GARRIGUES.

IMPROVEMENT IN UMBRELL AS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,473, dated April25, 1676 application filed March 8, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED. LILLER, of Balti- I more, in the county ofBaltimore and State of Maryland, have invented certain new andusefullmprovements in Umbrellas and Parasols; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof,which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, Which form a part ofthis specification.

My invention consists of a novel construction of joint or hinge for theribs and stretchers of umbrellas and parasols; and it is chieflyapplicable to the common wire used for the same.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top view of an umbrella orparasol frame, the ribs being cut away near their. joints or connectionswith thestretchers. Fig.2. is a partial vertical section. Figs. 3 and 4are'detached views, which will be referred to hereafter.

The object of my improvement is to give greater strength at the hingesof the ribs with the top notches, and of the stretchers with the runner,and also to prevent the. ribs and stretchers from easily swingingsidewise in opening or stretching the frame.

To accomplish these objects I make the notches in the runner 1%., Fig.2,. and top notches a, Fig. 1, about twice the usual width, and thenflatten the wire laterally, as shown in' Figs. 1 and 2. This gives theribs A a very broad bearing-surface for the wire F, Fig. 1, and the wireE, Fig. 3, which wires form the pivots on which the ribs A andstretchers 0 turn.

The form and action of my improved joints will be better understood fromFig. 4, in which is shown a cross-section of the hinge, considerablyenlarged, as seen at y y, where E is the wire or pivot, and O thestretcher.

I also use a very large wire, E or F, and make the loops in the ends ofthe ribs and stretchers larger than usual, so as to hold them closelyand strongly. between the shoulders of the top notches and runner.

It is common to make the ends of ribs and stretchers broad, and set themedgewise into narrow notches in the crown-piece and runner, and I makeno claim to these devices; but I make the notches in both thecrown-piece and the runner very broad from shoulder to shoulder, andthen make the ends of the ribs and stretchers of the correspondingbreadth to fill these notches and give stifi'ness to the ribs andstretchers, so that both, acting together, cannot be easily bentsidewise by being swung against said shoulders.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an umbrella orparasol frame, the combination of the ribs A and stretchers G, havingbroad flat ends, with the broad notches in the crown-piece and runner,all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

2. The stretchers 0, provided with the broad A lower ends, incombination with the runner, having broad notches and prominentshoulders, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

FRED. LILLER.

Witnesses:

DANIEL BREED, FRED. G. DIETERIGH.

